Abstract

This study aims to apply communication design analysis to the rear side of the Tribhumigatha Thai manuscript, known for its horizontal narrative structure. Employing “Visual Methodology” within a semiotics-based approach, the research focuses on the Tribhumigatha manuscripts, a unique cultural artifact unfolding a cosmos narrative influenced by Buddhist teachings. Selected from the National Library for its comprehensive content and format, this manuscript serves as a representative case for the study. The analysis utilizes the three core metafunctions—representational, compositional, and interpersonal—to systematically examine artisans’ visual choices. The representational metafunction reveals intricate symbolism and storytelling components, seamlessly integrating mythological and real-world perspectives. The compositional metafunction elucidates deliberate design choices, showcasing a thoughtful approach of Thai artisans beyond aesthetics. The interpersonal metafunction emphasizes dynamic interaction between viewers and artwork, encouraging active participation and aligning with the manuscript’s educational purpose in teaching Buddhism. Metafunctions applied to the Tribhumigatha manuscript provide insights into the unique nature of graphic design in Thai manuscripts, underscoring their role as vehicles for transmitting cultural knowledge and as storytelling devices deeply embedded in Thai culture. Beyond aesthetics, the design emerges as a conduit for cultural expression and communication, enriching our understanding of Thai graphic design traditions on both front and rear sides.