The mimetic approach refers to learning by imitating. Imitation of process to acquire learning. It is acquiring learning, not creating knowledge, since knowledge is gained through repetition. An example of this in the curriculum is writing letters for kindergarten or grade 1. The learners might be given worksheets on tracing letters, but without showing how to properly write letters, they might do it wrongly.

The synthesis approach describes a method of processing knowledge that involves applying and observing rules to discover concepts. Learners put together their learnings, but with what was only taught to them. An example of this in curriculum is the spiral progression. Pupils in grade 1 cannot perform well in the next grade level if they did not take the previous grade level. As the rule says, one cannot give what they don't have.

The reflexivity approach is more varied. It includes the creation and production of knowledge, with students as the creators and producers. It encourages learners to take part in activities that are meaningful and relative to reality. The real-life tasks or performance tasks that students do in various subject areas, which call for problem-solving, design, engagement, and many other skills, are an example of this in the curriculum.

As of today, these approaches are subconsciously used in combination of all three or just the two of them. In certain learning areas, these strategies can still be applied individually with effectiveness.